Challenges involved in the collection of appropriate data for the completion of disease outbreak risk assessments

05/01/2023

R. Hill-Ernesto, R.R.L. Simons, D. Evans & V. Horigan

Risk assessment is an essential tool used to aid the control of disease outbreaks. Without this, key risk pathways may not be identified resulting in potential spread of disease. The devastating effects of this can ripple through society, affecting the economy, and trade, along with considerable impact on animal health and potentially human health also.

The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH, founded as OIE) highlighted that risk analysis, which includes risk assessment, is not consistently used across all member states, with some low-income countries making policy decisions without prior risk assessment. This could be caused by a lack of staff and risk assessment-related training, poor funding in the animal health sector, and lack of understanding regarding the use and application of risk analysis. However, to complete effective risk assessment high-quality data must be collected, and other factors such as geographical conditions, use (or not) of technology, and varying production systems all influence the ability to collect these data. Demographic and population-level data can be collected during ‘peacetime’ in the form of surveillance schemes and national reports. Having these data before an outbreak occurs better equips a country for controlling or preventing disease outbreaks.

In order for all WOAH member states to meet risk analysis requirements an international effort must be made for cross-working and the development of collaborative schemes. Technology can play an important role, and low-income countries must not be left behind in the efforts to protect animal and human populations from disease.

More informations

Issue number
2
Volume
41